The Basics
CDL Requirements Explained
Federal rules set the floor; each state adds its own process. Here's the plain-English version.
Class A
Any combination of vehicles with a GCWR of 26,001+ lbs, where the towed unit exceeds 10,000 lbs. Tractor-trailers, tankers, flatbeds.
Class B
Single vehicles of 26,001+ lbs, or such a vehicle towing under 10,000 lbs. Straight trucks, dump trucks, buses.
Class C
Vehicles under Class A/B thresholds that carry 16+ passengers or placarded hazardous materials.
The federal checklist
- 1
Hold a valid driver license and meet minimum age for the driving you plan to do.
- 2
Pass a DOT medical exam and keep your medical certificate current.
- 3
Pass the knowledge tests for your class and endorsements to obtain a Commercial Learner's Permit.
- 4
Hold the CLP for the required minimum period before the skills test.
- 5
Complete Entry-Level Driver Training theory and behind-the-wheel instruction with a registered provider.
- 6
Pass the skills test: pre-trip inspection, basic vehicle control, and on-road driving.
- 7
Pay state fees and receive your CDL.
Endorsements & restrictions
H — HazMat
Requires TSA background check and a knowledge test.
N — Tanker
Liquid or gaseous bulk cargo.
T — Doubles/Triples
Multiple trailers.
P — Passenger
Vehicles designed for 16+ occupants.
S — School Bus
Requires P endorsement plus additional testing.
L — Air Brake Restriction
Removed by passing the air brakes test in an air-braked vehicle.
Common questions
Know the rules? Now pass the test.
Free practice tests for every CDL knowledge exam and endorsement.